Photometric stereo for three-dimensional leaf venation extraction

Shadows in Three-Source Photometric Stereo

Shadows are one of the most significant difficulties of the photometric stereo method. When four or more images are available, local surface orientation is overdetermined and the shadowed pixels can be discarded. In this paper we look at the challenging case when only three images under three different illuminations are available. In this case, when one of the three pixel intensity constraints ...

Repeated Origin of Three-Dimensional Leaf Venation Releases Constraints on the Evolution of Succulence in Plants

Succulent water storage is a prominent feature among plants adapted to arid zones, but we know little about how succulence evolves and how it is integrated into organs already tasked with multiple functions. Increased volume in succulent leaves, for example, may result in longer transport distances between veins and the cells that they supply, which in turn could negatively impact photosynthesi...

Use of photometric stereo for the accurate modelling of three-dimensional skin microrelief

The largest organ of human body ”skin” is a multilayered organ with complex reflectance properties that not only vary with the direction of illumination but also with the wavelength of light. The complex Three Dimensional (3D) structure and optical properties of human skin makes it very difficult for techniques like Photometric stereo to accurately recover its 3D shape. One problem in particula...

Real-time three-dimensional fingerprint acquisition via a new photometric stereo means

Paper Surface Topography Using Three-light Photometric Stereo

In paper industry, the measurement of paper surface topography is important for paper quality control. Noncontact and fast photometric stereo overcomes the disadvantages of the traditional surface topography measurement by the profilometer. In this paper, we present an improvement to three-light photometric stereo for paper surface topography reconstruction. Experiments comparing reconstructed ...